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Inclusion-Exclusion Principle

CAT 1993 Slot 1 · Quantitative Ability · Medium · QA

This is a medium Quantitative Ability question from the CAT 1993 Slot 1 paper. It tests QA. The full answer key and a step-by-step explanation are below — try it yourself first, then reveal the solution.

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The number of positive integers not greater than 100100, which are not divisible by 22, 33 or 55 is

  1. A.

    26

  2. B.

    18

  3. C.

    31

  4. D.

    None

Answer

A

Explanation

Using inclusion-exclusion for N=100N=100: Number of multiples of 2, 3, or 5: N(2∪3∪5)=⌊100/2⌋+⌊100/3⌋+⌊100/5⌋−(⌊100/6⌋+⌊100/10⌋+⌊100/15⌋)+⌊100/30⌋N(2\cup 3\cup 5) = \lfloor 100/2 \rfloor + \lfloor 100/3 \rfloor + \lfloor 100/5 \rfloor - (\lfloor 100/6 \rfloor + \lfloor 100/10 \rfloor + \lfloor 100/15 \rfloor) + \lfloor 100/30 \rfloor =50+33+20−(16+10+6)+3=103−32+3=74= 50 + 33 + 20 - (16 + 10 + 6) + 3 = 103 - 32 + 3 = 74. Numbers not divisible by 2, 3, or 5 =100−74=26= 100 - 74 = 26.

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