Combinatorics: Selection of Candidates

CAT 1999 Slot 1 · Quantitative Ability · Medium · Permutations and Combinations

This is a medium Quantitative Ability question from the CAT 1999 Slot 1 paper. It tests Permutations and Combinations. The full answer key and a step-by-step explanation are below — try it yourself first, then reveal the solution.

For a scholarship, at most nn candidates out of 2n+12n + 1 can be selected. If the number of different ways of selection of at least one candidate is 6363, the maximum number of candidates that can be selected for the scholarship is

  1. A.

    3

  2. B.

    4

  3. C.

    6

  4. D.

    5

Answer

A

Explanation

Number of ways to select 11 to nn candidates from 2n+12n+1 is: (2n+11)+(2n+12)++(2n+1n)=63\binom{2n+1}{1} + \binom{2n+1}{2} + \dots + \binom{2n+1}{n} = 63. By symmetry, k=02n+1(2n+1k)=22n+1\sum_{k=0}^{2n+1} \binom{2n+1}{k} = 2^{2n+1}. Also (2n+10)+k=1n(2n+1k)+k=n+12n+1(2n+1k)=22n+1\binom{2n+1}{0} + \sum_{k=1}^n \binom{2n+1}{k} + \sum_{k=n+1}^{2n+1} \binom{2n+1}{k} = 2^{2n+1}. Since k=1n(2n+1k)=k=n+12n(2n+1k)\sum_{k=1}^n \binom{2n+1}{k} = \sum_{k=n+1}^{2n} \binom{2n+1}{k}, we have 1+2(63)+1=22n+1    128=22n+1    2n+1=7    n=31 + 2(63) + 1 = 2^{2n+1} \implies 128 = 2^{2n+1} \implies 2n+1 = 7 \implies n = 3.

Related Permutations and Combinations questions

Practise this under exam conditions

Sign in to solve it with a live timer, the on-screen CAT calculator, and streak and accuracy tracking across every question you attempt.

Solve in the workspace