System of exponential equations

CAT 2019 Slot 2 · Quantitative Ability · Medium · Exponents & Powers

If 5x−3y=134385^x - 3^y = 13438 and 5x−1+3y+1=96865^{x-1} + 3^{y+1} = 9686, then x+yx+y equals

[TITA]

Answer

13

Explanation

Let a=5xa = 5^x and b=3yb = 3^y.

  1. a−b=13438  ⟹  b=a−13438a - b = 13438 \implies b = a - 13438
  2. a5+3b=9686  ⟹  a+15b=48430\frac{a}{5} + 3b = 9686 \implies a + 15b = 48430

Substitute bb into the second equation: a+15(a−13438)=48430a + 15(a - 13438) = 48430 16a−201570=4843016a - 201570 = 48430 16a=250000  ⟹  a=15625=56  ⟹  x=616a = 250000 \implies a = 15625 = 5^6 \implies x = 6 b=15625−13438=2187=37  ⟹  y=7b = 15625 - 13438 = 2187 = 3^7 \implies y = 7

Thus x+y=6+7=13x + y = 6 + 7 = 13.

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