Raw Materials
CAT 2021 Slot 1 · DILR · Hard · Data Reasoning
Passage / data set
Ganga, Kaveri, and Narmada are three women who buy four raw materials (Mango, Apple, Banana and Milk) and sell five finished products (Mango smoothie, Apple smoothie, Banana smoothie, Mixed fruit smoothie and Fruit salad). Table-1 gives information about the raw materials required to produce the five finished products. One unit of a finished product requires one unit of each of the raw materials mentioned in the second column of the table.
Table 1
| Finished Product | Raw Materials Required |
|---|---|
| Mango Smoothie | Mango, Milk |
| Apple Smoothie | Apple, Milk |
| Banana Smoothie | Banana, Milk |
| Mixed Fruit Smoothie | Mango, Apple, Banana, Milk |
| Fruit Salad | Mango, Apple, Banana |
One unit of milk, mango, apple, and banana cost ₹5, ₹3, ₹2, and ₹1 respectively. Each unit of a finished product is sold for a profit equal to two times the number of raw materials used to make that product. For example, apple smoothie is made with two raw materials (apple and milk) and will be sold for a profit of ₹4 per unit. Leftover raw materials are sold during the last business hour of the day for a loss of ₹1 per unit.
The amount, in rupees, received from sales (revenue) for each woman in each of the four business hours of the day is given in Table-2.
Table 2
| Business Hour | Ganga | Kaveri | Narmada |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hour 1 | 23 | 19 | 31 |
| Hour 2 | 21 | 22 | 21 |
| Hour 3 | 29 | 30 | 23 |
| Hour 4 (last hour) | 30 | 27 | 22 |
The following additional facts are known.
- No one except possibly Ganga sold any Mango smoothie.
- Each woman sold either zero or one unit of any single finished product in any hour.
- Each woman had exactly one unit each of two different raw materials as leftovers.
- No one had any banana leftover.
Question 1 of 4
What BEST can be concluded about the number of units of fruit salad sold in the first hour?
- A.
Either 0 or 1 or 2
- B.
Exactly 1.
- C.
Exactly 2.
- D.
Either 1 or 2.
D
Explanation
Analyzing the possible combinations of items sold in Hour 1 by the three women based on revenues of 23, 19, and 31 reveals that total fruit salad units sold in the first hour can best be concluded as Either 1 or 2.
Question 2 of 4
Which of the following is NECESSARILY true?
- A.
Narmada sold one unit of leftover milk.
- B.
Kaveri sold one unit of leftover mangoes.
- C.
Ganga did not sell any leftover apples.
- D.
Ganga did not sell any leftover mangoes.
C
Explanation
By evaluating the leftover materials for Ganga, Kaveri, and Narmada, it is necessarily true that Ganga did not sell any leftover apples.
Question 3 of 4
What BEST can be concluded about the total number of units of milk the three women had in the beginning?
- A.
Either 18 or 19 or 20 units.
- B.
Either 17 or 18 or 19 units.
- C.
Either 19 or 20 units.
- D.
Either 18 or 19 units.
A
Explanation
Summing the total milk required across all hours and leftovers for all three women leads to either 18 or 19 or 20 units.
Question 4 of 4
If it is known that three leftover units of mangoes were sold during the last business hour of the day, how many apple smoothies were sold during the day?
6
Explanation
Given that 3 units of leftover mangoes were sold in Hour 4, tracing the individual sales per hour gives a total of 6 apple smoothies sold across the day.
Practise this under exam conditions
Sign in to solve it with a live timer, the on-screen CAT calculator, and streak and accuracy tracking across every question you attempt.
Solve in the workspace