Largest Integer Divisors Sum A + B

CAT 2022 Slot 1 · QA · Hard · Number System

Let AA be the largest positive integer that divides all the numbers of the form 3k+4k+5k3^k + 4^k + 5^k, and BB be the largest positive integer that divides all the numbers of the form 4k+3(4k)+4k+24^k + 3(4^k) + 4^{k+2}, where kk is any positive integer. Then (A+B)(A + B) equals

Answer

82

Explanation

First, find AA: AA divides 3k+4k+5k3^k + 4^k + 5^k for all positive integers kk.

  • For k=1k = 1: 31+41+51=123^1 + 4^1 + 5^1 = 12.
  • For k=2k = 2: 32+42+52=9+16+25=503^2 + 4^2 + 5^2 = 9 + 16 + 25 = 50. gcd(12,50)=2 \text{gcd}(12, 50) = 2. Thus, A=2A = 2.

Next, find BB: BB divides 4k+3(4k)+4k+2=4k(1+3+16)=20×4k4^k + 3(4^k) + 4^{k+2} = 4^k (1 + 3 + 16) = 20 \times 4^k.

  • For k=1k = 1: 20×4=8020 \times 4 = 80.
  • For k=2k = 2: 20×16=32020 \times 16 = 320. gcd(80,320)=80\text{gcd}(80, 320) = 80. Thus, B=80B = 80.

Then A+B=2+80=82A + B = 2 + 80 = 82.

Practise this under exam conditions

Sign in to solve it with a live timer, the on-screen CAT calculator, and streak and accuracy tracking across every question you attempt.

Solve in the workspace