Minimum Possible Value of Natural Number n

CAT 2022 Slot 1 · QA · Medium · Averages

The average of three integers is 13. When a natural number nn is included, the average of these four integers remains an odd integer. The minimum possible value of nn is

  1. A.

    3

  2. B.

    4

  3. C.

    5

  4. D.

    1

Answer

C

Explanation

Let the three integers be a,b,ca, b, c. Sum of the three integers =a+b+c=3×13=39= a + b + c = 3 \times 13 = 39.

When nn is added, the new sum is 39+n39 + n, and the average of these four numbers is: Average=39+n4\text{Average} = \frac{39 + n}{4}

We are given that this average is an odd integer, say 2k+12k + 1 where kk is an integer. 39+n4=2k+1\frac{39 + n}{4} = 2k + 1 39+n=8k+439 + n = 8k + 4 n=8k35n = 8k - 35

Since nn is a natural number (n1n \ge 1): 8k351    8k36    k4.58k - 35 \ge 1 \implies 8k \ge 36 \implies k \ge 4.5

Since kk must be an integer, the minimum value of kk is 55.

Then n=8(5)35=4035=5n = 8(5) - 35 = 40 - 35 = 5.

Check: Average =39+54=11= \frac{39 + 5}{4} = 11, which is an odd integer. Thus, the minimum possible value of nn is 55.

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