Logarithmic Equation Floor Value

CAT 2024 Slot 1 · Quantitative Ability · Medium · Logarithms

If xx is a positive real number such that 4log⁡10x+4log⁡100x+8log⁡1000x=134\log_{10} x + 4\log_{100} x + 8\log_{1000} x = 13, then the greatest integer not exceeding xx, is

Answer

31

Explanation

Change of base formulas: log⁡100x=log⁡10x2,log⁡1000x=log⁡10x3\log_{100} x = \frac{\log_{10} x}{2}, \quad \log_{1000} x = \frac{\log_{10} x}{3}

Substitute into the equation: 4log⁡10x+4(log⁡10x2)+8(log⁡10x3)=134\log_{10} x + 4\left(\frac{\log_{10} x}{2}\right) + 8\left(\frac{\log_{10} x}{3}\right) = 13 (4+2+83)log⁡10x=13\left(4 + 2 + \frac{8}{3}\right) \log_{10} x = 13 263log⁡10x=13  ⟹  log⁡10x=32\frac{26}{3} \log_{10} x = 13 \implies \log_{10} x = \frac{3}{2} x=103/2=1010≈31.62x = 10^{3/2} = 10\sqrt{10} \approx 31.62

Greatest integer not exceeding xx is ⌊31.62⌋=31\lfloor 31.62 \rfloor = 31.

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