Sum of real roots of exponential equation

CAT 2024 Slot 3 · QA · Easy · Algebra

The sum of all distinct real values of xx that satisfy the equation 10x+410x=81210^x + \frac{4}{10^x} = \frac{81}{2} is

  1. A.

    2log1022 \log_{10} 2

  2. B.

    3log1023 \log_{10} 2

  3. C.

    4log1024 \log_{10} 2

  4. D.

    log102\log_{10} 2

Answer

A

Explanation

Let y=10x>0y = 10^x > 0. The equation becomes: y+4y=812    2y281y+8=0y + \frac{4}{y} = \frac{81}{2} \implies 2y^2 - 81y + 8 = 0

Product of roots y1y2=82=4y_1 y_2 = \frac{8}{2} = 4. Since sum of roots >0> 0 and product >0> 0, both roots y1,y2y_1, y_2 are positive real numbers.

Since x1=log10y1x_1 = \log_{10} y_1 and x2=log10y2x_2 = \log_{10} y_2: x1+x2=log10y1+log10y2=log10(y1y2)=log104=2log102x_1 + x_2 = \log_{10} y_1 + \log_{10} y_2 = \log_{10}(y_1 y_2) = \log_{10} 4 = 2 \log_{10} 2

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