Trigonometric Range Evaluation

XAT 2017 · Quantitative Ability & Data Interpretation · Medium · Trigonometry

If 5∘≤x∘≤15∘5^\circ \le x^\circ \le 15^\circ, then the value of sin⁡30∘+cos⁡x∘−sin⁡x∘\sin 30^\circ + \cos x^\circ - \sin x^\circ will be :

  1. A.

    Between -1 and -0.5 inclusive

  2. B.

    Between -0.5 and 0 inclusive

  3. C.

    Between 0 and 0.5 exclusive

  4. D.

    between 0.5 and 1 inclusive

  5. E.

    None of the above

Answer

E

Explanation

E(x)=0.5+cos⁡x∘−sin⁡x∘=0.5+2cos⁡(x+45∘).E(x) = 0.5 + \cos x^\circ - \sin x^\circ = 0.5 + \sqrt{2}\cos(x + 45^\circ). For x=15∘x = 15^\circ, cos⁡15∘−sin⁡15∘≈0.9659−0.2588=0.7071\cos 15^\circ - \sin 15^\circ \approx 0.9659 - 0.2588 = 0.7071. E(15∘)=0.5+0.7071=1.2071E(15^\circ) = 0.5 + 0.7071 = 1.2071. For x=5∘x = 5^\circ, cos⁡5∘−sin⁡5∘≈0.9962−0.0872=0.9090\cos 5^\circ - \sin 5^\circ \approx 0.9962 - 0.0872 = 0.9090. E(5∘)=0.5+0.9090=1.4090E(5^\circ) = 0.5 + 0.9090 = 1.4090. So the expression takes values in [1.2071,1.4090][1.2071, 1.4090], which are all >1> 1. None of options A-D capture this range.

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