Area of intersection of two circles

XAT 2018 · Quantitative Ability & Data Interpretation · Hard · Geometry

Two circles with radius 2R2R and 2R\sqrt{2}R intersect each other at points A and B. The centers of both the circles are on the same side of AB. O is the center of the bigger circle and ∠AOB=60∘\angle AOB = 60^\circ. Find the area of the common region between two circles.

  1. A.

    (3−π−1)R2(\sqrt{3} - \pi - 1)R^2

  2. B.

    (3−π)R2(\sqrt{3} - \pi)R^2

  3. C.

    (13π6+1−3)R2(\frac{13\pi}{6} + 1 - \sqrt{3})R^2

  4. D.

    (13π6+3)R2(\frac{13\pi}{6} + \sqrt{3})R^2

Answer

C

Explanation

Let AO=2RAO = 2R, AC=2RAC = \sqrt{2}R, and ∠AOB=60∘\angle AOB = 60^\circ. In △AOD\triangle AOD, AD=2Rsin⁡30∘=RAD = 2R \sin 30^\circ = R. In right △ACD\triangle ACD, sin⁡(∠ACD)=ADAC=R2R=12  ⟹  ∠ACD=45∘\sin(\angle ACD) = \frac{AD}{AC} = \frac{R}{\sqrt{2}R} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \implies \angle ACD = 45^\circ. So ∠ACB=90∘\angle ACB = 90^\circ. Area of common region = Area of major sector of smaller circle + Area of △ACB\triangle ACB + Area of minor segment of larger circle =270∘360∘π(2R)2+12(2R)(R)+[60∘360∘π(2R)2−34(2R)2]= \frac{270^\circ}{360^\circ} \pi (\sqrt{2}R)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(2R)(R) + \left[ \frac{60^\circ}{360^\circ} \pi (2R)^2 - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}(2R)^2 \right] =32πR2+R2+23πR2−3R2=(13π6+1−3)R2= \frac{3}{2}\pi R^2 + R^2 + \frac{2}{3}\pi R^2 - \sqrt{3}R^2 = \left(\frac{13\pi}{6} + 1 - \sqrt{3}\right)R^2. Hence, option C is correct.

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