Overlapping Area of Two Circles on Diagonal

XAT 2020 · Quantitative Ability & Data Interpretation · Hard · Quantitative Aptitude

Mohanlal, a prosperous farmer, has a square land of side 2 km. For the current season, he decides to have some fun. He marks two distinct points on one of the diagonals of the land. Using these points as centers, he constructs two circles. Each of these circles falls completely within the land, and touches at least two sides of the land. To his surprise, the radii of both the circles are exactly equal to 23\frac{2}{3} km. Mohanlal plants potatoes on the overlapping portion of these circles. Calculate the area on which Mohanlal planted potatoes (in sq. km).

  1. A.

    \frac{5(\pi+4)}{27}

  2. B.

    \frac{2(2\pi-3\sqrt{3})}{27}

  3. C.

    \frac{(\pi-2)}{9}

  4. D.

    \frac{2(\pi-2)}{9}

  5. E.

    \frac{4(\pi-3\sqrt{3})}{27}

Answer

D

Explanation

Square side = 2. Radii r=2/3r = 2/3. Centers are on diagonal, touching sides   ⟹  \implies distance from corner to center C1=r2=223C_1 = r\sqrt{2} = \frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}. Distance from opposite corner to C2=223C_2 = \frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}. Total diagonal = 222\sqrt{2}. Distance C1C2=22−2×223=223C_1 C_2 = 2\sqrt{2} - 2 \times \frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3} = \frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}. Note C1C2=r2=223C_1 C_2 = r\sqrt{2} = \frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}. Intersection of two congruent circles of radius rr separated by distance d=r2d = r\sqrt{2}: The line connecting intersection points P,QP, Q forms a right triangle with C1,C2C_1, C_2 because C1P2+C2P2=r2+r2=2r2=(r2)2=(C1C2)2C_1 P^2 + C_2 P^2 = r^2 + r^2 = 2r^2 = (r\sqrt{2})^2 = (C_1 C_2)^2. So angle subtended at center by overlapping arc is 90∘90^\circ. Area of segment of one circle = Sector area - Triangle area = π4r2−12r2=r2(π−24)\frac{\pi}{4} r^2 - \frac{1}{2} r^2 = r^2 (\frac{\pi - 2}{4}). Total overlapping area = 2×segment area=2×r2(π−2)4=r2(π−2)22 \times \text{segment area} = 2 \times \frac{r^2(\pi-2)}{4} = \frac{r^2(\pi-2)}{2}. Since r=2/3r = 2/3, r2=4/9r^2 = 4/9. Overlapping area = 4/9(π−2)2=2(π−2)9\frac{4/9(\pi - 2)}{2} = \frac{2(\pi - 2)}{9}.

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