Area of common region between intersecting circles

CAT 2005 Slot 1 · QA · Easy · Geometry

Two identical circles intersect so that their centers, and the points at which they intersect, form a square of side 1 cm. The area in sq. cm of the portion that is common to the two circles is

  1. A.

    π4\frac{\pi}{4}

  2. B.

    π21\frac{\pi}{2} - 1

  3. C.

    π5\frac{\pi}{5}

  4. D.

    21\sqrt{2} - 1

Answer

B

Explanation

Let the two centers be O1O_1 and O2O_2 and intersection points be PP and QQ. O1PO2QO_1 P O_2 Q forms a square of side 1 cm. Thus, radius of each circle r=1r = 1 cm. The common area consists of two identical circular segments. Area of sector with central angle 90=14πr2=π490^\circ = \frac{1}{4} \pi r^2 = \frac{\pi}{4}. Area of triangle formed by center and intersection points =12×1×1=12= \frac{1}{2} \times 1 \times 1 = \frac{1}{2}. Common area =2×(π412)=π21= 2 \times \left(\frac{\pi}{4} - \frac{1}{2}\right) = \frac{\pi}{2} - 1.

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