System of Exponential Equations

CAT 2019 Slot 1 · QA · Medium · Exponents

Given that x2018y2017=1/2x^{2018} y^{2017} = 1/2 and x2016y2019=8x^{2016} y^{2019} = 8, the value of x2+y3x^2 + y^3 is

  1. A.

    374\frac{37}{4}

  2. B.

    314\frac{31}{4}

  3. C.

    354\frac{35}{4}

  4. D.

    334\frac{33}{4}

Answer

D

Explanation

Divide the two equations: x2018y2017x2016y2019=1/28x2y2=116xy=±14\frac{x^{2018} y^{2017}}{x^{2016} y^{2019}} = \frac{1/2}{8} \Rightarrow \frac{x^2}{y^2} = \frac{1}{16} \Rightarrow \frac{x}{y} = \pm \frac{1}{4}. x2=y216x^2 = \frac{y^2}{16}. Multiply equations: (x2018y2017)(x2016y2019)=4x4034y4036=4(xy)4034y2=4(x^{2018} y^{2017})(x^{2016} y^{2019}) = 4 \Rightarrow x^{4034} y^{4036} = 4 \Rightarrow (x y)^{4034} y^2 = 4. Or rewrite: (x2)1009(y3)672(x^2)^{1009} (y^3)^{672} \dots Better approach: From x2=y2/16x=y/4x^2 = y^2 / 16 \Rightarrow x = y/4 or x=y/4x = -y/4. Substitute x=y/4x = y/4 into x2016y2019=8x^{2016} y^{2019} = 8: (y/4)2016y2019=8y4035=842016=2324032=24035y=2(y/4)^{2016} y^{2019} = 8 \Rightarrow y^{4035} = 8 \cdot 4^{2016} = 2^3 \cdot 2^{4032} = 2^{4035} \Rightarrow y = 2. Then y3=8y^3 = 8. Since y=2y = 2, x2=22/16=4/16=1/4x^2 = 2^2 / 16 = 4/16 = 1/4. x2+y3=1/4+8=33/4x^2 + y^3 = 1/4 + 8 = 33/4.

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