Number of Integers Satisfying Exponential Equality

CAT 2020 Slot 2 · Quantitative Ability · Easy · Algebra

The number of integers that satisfy the equality (x2−5x+7)x+1=1(x^2 - 5x + 7)^{x+1} = 1 is

  1. A.

    5

  2. B.

    4

  3. C.

    3

  4. D.

    2

Answer

C

Explanation

An equation of the form AB=1A^B = 1 holds in three cases:

  1. B=0B = 0 and A≠0A \ne 0: x+1=0  ⟹  x=−1x + 1 = 0 \implies x = -1 Check AA: (−1)2−5(−1)+7=1+5+7=13≠0(-1)^2 - 5(-1) + 7 = 1 + 5 + 7 = 13 \ne 0. So x=−1x = -1 is a solution.

  2. A=1A = 1: x2−5x+7=1  ⟹  x2−5x+6=0  ⟹  (x−2)(x−3)=0  ⟹  x=2,3x^2 - 5x + 7 = 1 \implies x^2 - 5x + 6 = 0 \implies (x-2)(x-3) = 0 \implies x = 2, 3 Both are integers.

  3. A=−1A = -1 and BB is an even integer: x2−5x+7=−1  ⟹  x2−5x+8=0x^2 - 5x + 7 = -1 \implies x^2 - 5x + 8 = 0 Discriminant = 25−32<025 - 32 < 0, no real solutions.

Thus, the solutions are x=−1,2,3x = -1, 2, 3. The total number of integers is 3.

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