Distinct Digits Order Permutation
CAT 2020 Slot 2 · Quantitative Ability · Hard · Modern Math
This is a hard Quantitative Ability question from the CAT 2020 Slot 2 paper. It tests Modern Math. The full answer key and a step-by-step explanation are below — try it yourself first, then reveal the solution.
How many 4-digit numbers, each greater than 1000 and each having all four digits distinct, are there with 7 coming before 3?
315
Explanation
We need to form 4-digit numbers with distinct digits from such that 7 appears to the left of 3.
Case 1: Both 7 and 3 are present in the 4-digit number. First, select 2 additional digits from the remaining 8 digits (excluding 7 and 3): ways. Now we have 4 digits: 7, 3, and two others. Number of arrangements of 4 distinct digits such that 7 comes before 3 is . Total permutations without zero condition = . Now subtract cases where 0 is at the thousand's place: If 0 is at thousands place, we select 1 more digit from remaining 7 digits: ways. The remaining 3 places are filled by 7, 3, and the selected digit. Arrangements with 7 before 3 in the 3 remaining positions . Invalid numbers starting with 0 . Valid numbers in Case 1 .
Since 7 coming before 3 requires both 7 and 3 to be present, there are no other cases. Total count = 315.
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