Minimum Value of Logarithmic Expression

CAT 2025 Slot 2 · Quantitative Ability · Hard · Logarithms

This is a hard Quantitative Ability question from the CAT 2025 Slot 2 paper. It tests Logarithms. The full answer key and a step-by-step explanation are below — try it yourself first, then reveal the solution.

If log64x2+log8y+3log512(yz)=4\log_{64} x^2 + \log_8 \sqrt{y} + 3 \log_{512} (\sqrt{y} z) = 4, where x,yx, y and zz are positive real numbers, then the minimum possible value of (x+y+x)(x + y + x) is

  1. A.

    96

  2. B.

    36

  3. C.

    24

  4. D.

    48

Answer

C

Explanation

Simplify each log base to base 2:

  • log64x2=26log2x=13log2x\log_{64} x^2 = \frac{2}{6} \log_2 x = \frac{1}{3} \log_2 x.
  • log8y=1/23log2y=16log2y\log_8 \sqrt{y} = \frac{1/2}{3} \log_2 y = \frac{1}{6} \log_2 y.
  • 3log512(yz)=319log2(y1/2z)=13(12log2y+log2z)=16log2y+13log2z3 \log_{512} (\sqrt{y} z) = 3 \cdot \frac{1}{9} \log_2 (y^{1/2} z) = \frac{1}{3} (\frac{1}{2} \log_2 y + \log_2 z) = \frac{1}{6} \log_2 y + \frac{1}{3} \log_2 z. Sum = 13log2x+13log2y+13log2z=4\frac{1}{3} \log_2 x + \frac{1}{3} \log_2 y + \frac{1}{3} \log_2 z = 4. 13log2(xyz)=4    log2(xyz)=12    xyz=212=4096\frac{1}{3} \log_2 (xyz) = 4 \implies \log_2 (xyz) = 12 \implies xyz = 2^{12} = 4096. To minimize x+y+zx + y + z (noting expression x+y+zx+y+z), by AM-GM, x=y=z=(4096)1/3=16x = y = z = (4096)^{1/3} = 16. Minimum sum x+y+z=16+16+16=48x + y + z = 16 + 16 + 16 = 48. Wait, if expression is x+y+x=2x+yx + y + x = 2x + y, or x+y+z=48x + y + z = 48, option 4 is 48.

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