Sum of terms in a sequence

CAT 2019 Slot 2 · Quantitative Ability · Hard · Sequence & series

Let a1,a2,…a_1, a_2, \dots be integers such that a1−a2+a3−a4+⋯+(−1)n−1an=na_1 - a_2 + a_3 - a_4 + \dots + (-1)^{n-1} a_n = n, for n≥1n \ge 1. Then a51+a52+⋯+a1023a_{51} + a_{52} + \dots + a_{1023} equals

  1. A.

    −1-1

  2. B.

    1

  3. C.

    0

  4. D.

    10

Answer

B

Explanation

Let Sn=a1−a2+a3−⋯+(−1)n−1an=nS_n = a_1 - a_2 + a_3 - \dots + (-1)^{n-1} a_n = n.

For n=1n=1: a1=1a_1 = 1. For n=2n=2: a1−a2=2  ⟹  1−a2=2  ⟹  a2=−1a_1 - a_2 = 2 \implies 1 - a_2 = 2 \implies a_2 = -1. For n=3n=3: a1−a2+a3=3  ⟹  2+a3=3  ⟹  a3=1a_1 - a_2 + a_3 = 3 \implies 2 + a_3 = 3 \implies a_3 = 1. For n=4n=4: a1−a2+a3−a4=4  ⟹  3−a4=4  ⟹  a4=−1a_1 - a_2 + a_3 - a_4 = 4 \implies 3 - a_4 = 4 \implies a_4 = -1.

Thus, an=1a_n = 1 when nn is odd, and an=−1a_n = -1 when nn is even.

We need to find a51+a52+⋯+a1023a_{51} + a_{52} + \dots + a_{1023}. The total number of terms is 1023−51+1=9731023 - 51 + 1 = 973. The terms alternate: 1,−1,1,−1,…,11, -1, 1, -1, \dots, 1. Since there are 487 pairs of (1,−1)(1, -1) which sum to 00, and one additional term a1023=1a_{1023} = 1, the total sum is 11.

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