Alternating sum of sequence

CAT 2021 Slot 2 · QA · Medium · Sequences & Series

For a sequence of real numbers x1,x2,,xnx_1, x_2, \dots, x_n, if x1x2+x3+(1)n+1xn=n2+2nx_1 - x_2 + x_3 - \dots + (-1)^{n + 1} x_n = n^2 + 2n for all natural numbers nn, then the sum x49+x50x_{49} + x_{50} equals

  1. A.

    2

  2. B.

    -2

  3. C.

    200

  4. D.

    -200

Answer

B

Explanation

Let Sn=x1x2+x3+(1)n+1xn=n2+2nS_n = x_1 - x_2 + x_3 - \dots + (-1)^{n+1} x_n = n^2 + 2n.

For n=48n = 48: S48=x1x2+x48=482+2(48)S_{48} = x_1 - x_2 + \dots - x_{48} = 48^2 + 2(48)

For n=49n = 49: S49=S48+x49=492+2(49)    x49=492+2(49)(482+2(48))=(492482)+2=97+2=99S_{49} = S_{48} + x_{49} = 49^2 + 2(49) \implies x_{49} = 49^2 + 2(49) - (48^2 + 2(48)) = (49^2 - 48^2) + 2 = 97 + 2 = 99

For n=50n = 50: S50=S49x50=502+2(50)    x50=S49(502+2(50))=492+2(49)(502+2(50))=(502492)2=992=101S_{50} = S_{49} - x_{50} = 50^2 + 2(50) \implies x_{50} = S_{49} - (50^2 + 2(50)) = 49^2 + 2(49) - (50^2 + 2(50)) = -(50^2 - 49^2) - 2 = -99 - 2 = -101

Sum x49+x50=99+(101)=2x_{49} + x_{50} = 99 + (-101) = -2.

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